Separation-of-Powers

Supreme Court Signals Intent to Overturn 90-Year Precedent Protecting Independent Agency Leaders from Presidential Firing, Expanding Executive Power

| Importance: 9/10

The Supreme Court heard oral arguments in Trump v. Slaughter regarding President Trump’s firing of Federal Trade Commission Commissioner Rebecca Slaughter, with the conservative majority signaling strong support for overturning Humphrey’s Executor v. United States, the 1935 unanimous …

Supreme Court Donald Trump Rebecca Slaughter John Roberts Elena Kagan +3 more supreme-court executive-power independent-agencies separation-of-powers constitutional-law +5 more
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Supreme Court to Review Trump's Federalization of National Guard in Chicago, Nationwide Implications

| Importance: 10/10

On October 29, 2025, the U.S. Supreme Court took the rare step of requesting additional briefing in a high-profile emergency case challenging President Trump’s federalization of the National Guard in Chicago for immigration enforcement, signaling the Court is grappling with fundamental …

April Perry Donald Trump JB Pritzker Supreme Court chicago constitutional-crisis federalism federalization militarization +5 more
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Pentagon Chief Hegseth Blocks Military Officials From Contacting Congress Without Approval

| Importance: 9/10

On October 15, 2025, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth and Deputy Secretary Steve Feinberg issued an internal memo barring nearly all Defense Department personnel, including military commanders, from communicating with Congress or state lawmakers without prior approval from the Pentagon’s office …

Pete Hegseth Steve Feinberg Pentagon congressional-oversight separation-of-powers pentagon obstruction military-accountability
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Supreme Court Agrees to Reconsider Humphrey's Executor, Review Trump's Power to Fire Agency Heads

| Importance: 10/10

The Supreme Court agreed to hear a rush appeal deciding whether President Trump acted lawfully in firing board members leading independent federal agencies, setting up oral arguments for December 2025. The case will reconsider the landmark 1935 precedent Humphrey’s Executor v. United States, …

Supreme Court Donald Trump Rebecca Slaughter Federal Trade Commission Brett Kavanaugh supreme-court judiciary courts executive-power independent-agencies +3 more
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Federal Courts Rule Trump's IEEPA Tariffs Illegal in Multiple Cases

| Importance: 9/10

Federal judges across multiple courts ruled that President Trump’s use of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) to impose unilateral tariffs was illegal and exceeded presidential authority. On May 29, 2025, U.S. District Judge Rudolph Contreras granted a preliminary …

Donald Trump Rudolph Contreras U.S. Court of International Trade Supreme Court judicial-pushback emergency-powers executive-overreach trade-policy constitutional-crisis +1 more
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Supreme Court Hearing Challenges Presidential National Guard Federalization Powers

| Importance: 9/10

Ongoing federal court cases challenge the president’s authority to unilaterally federalize state National Guard units, with multiple states filing legal challenges to Trump’s deployment of California’s National Guard. The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that the president …

Supreme Court State Governors Department of Defense California Governor New York Attorney General Letitia James +1 more national-guard constitutional-crisis separation-of-powers federal-state-relations
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WHIG Achieves Systematic Bypass of Constitutional Separation of Powers Through Congressional Deception

| Importance: 9/10

President Bush signs the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution, marking the successful culmination of WHIG’s systematic campaign to bypass constitutional separation of powers through coordinated congressional deception. The signed authorization represents not …

George W. Bush White House Iraq Group U.S. Congress Constitutional Framework Andrew Card +4 more whig constitutional-crisis separation-of-powers executive-power congressional-manipulation +4 more
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Iraq War Authorization Vote Succeeds Through WHIG's Systematic Congressional Deception

| Importance: 9/10

Congress passes the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution based on the systematically manipulated intelligence provided by the White House Iraq Group, representing the successful completion of WHIG’s campaign to corrupt legislative war powers. The House votes 296-133 …

White House Iraq Group U.S. House of Representatives U.S. Senate Hillary Clinton John Kerry +6 more whig iraq-war-authorization congressional-deception constitutional-crisis separation-of-powers +3 more
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WHIG Systematically Withholds Contradictory Intelligence from Congress

| Importance: 9/10

The White House Iraq Group implements a systematic campaign to withhold contradictory intelligence assessments from congressional committees, ensuring legislators vote for war based on incomplete and misleading information. WHIG coordinates with intelligence agencies to suppress dissenting analysis, …

White House Iraq Group Stephen Hadley Scooter Libby George Tenet Department of Energy +5 more whig intelligence-suppression congressional-deception information-control constitutional-violation +3 more
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WHIG Provides Fabricated Intelligence Briefings to Congressional Committees

| Importance: 9/10

The White House Iraq Group coordinates the delivery of systematically fabricated intelligence briefings to congressional intelligence committees, setting the foundation for legislative manipulation. Working through CIA Director George Tenet and National Security Council staff, WHIG ensures that key …

White House Iraq Group George Tenet Stephen Hadley Scooter Libby Congressional Intelligence Committee +2 more whig congressional-deception intelligence-manipulation separation-of-powers constitutional-violation +2 more
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WHIG Intelligence Briefing Coordination with Congress: Systematic Misrepresentation

| Importance: 9/10

The White House Iraq Group (WHIG), established in August 2002, coordinated a comprehensive campaign to present intelligence about Iraq to congressional leaders. A Senate Intelligence Committee investigation found that intelligence claims about Iraq’s weapons capabilities and potential threats …

Karl Rove Dick Cheney Condoleezza Rice Lewis 'Scooter' Libby Andrew Card +1 more whig congressional-deception intelligence-manipulation separation-of-powers iraq-war +1 more
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Senate Defeats FDR Court-Packing Plan 70-22, Handing Roosevelt His Greatest Legislative Defeat

| Importance: 8/10

On July 22, 1937, the U.S. Senate votes 70-22 to defeat President Franklin Roosevelt’s Judicial Procedures Reform Bill, rejecting his proposal to expand the Supreme Court by up to six additional justices and handing FDR his greatest legislative defeat. Three-quarters of senators voting to kill …

U.S. Senate Franklin D. Roosevelt Senate Judiciary Committee Joseph Robinson John Nance Garner +1 more judicial-independence new-deal supreme-court separation-of-powers congressional-opposition +1 more
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FDR Announces Judicial Reorganization Plan to Add Up to Six Supreme Court Justices, Triggering Court-Packing Crisis

| Importance: 9/10

On February 5, 1937, President Franklin Roosevelt announces the Judicial Procedures Reform Bill, requesting congressional authority to appoint up to six additional Supreme Court justices—one for each sitting justice over age 70—potentially expanding the Court from nine to fifteen members. Roosevelt …

Franklin D. Roosevelt Supreme Court of the United States John Nance Garner Hatton Sumners Senate Judiciary Committee +1 more judicial-capture new-deal supreme-court separation-of-powers constitutional-crisis +1 more
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"Black Monday" Supreme Court Unanimously Strikes Down National Industrial Recovery Act in Three Anti-New Deal Rulings

| Importance: 9/10

On May 27, 1935—a day Roosevelt administration officials dub “Black Monday”—the Supreme Court delivers three unanimous decisions against the New Deal, with the most devastating being Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, which invalidates the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA), …

Supreme Court of the United States Charles Evans Hughes Benjamin Cardozo Harlan Fiske Stone Franklin D. Roosevelt +1 more judicial-capture new-deal corporate-resistance supreme-court constitutional-law +1 more
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