Revolving-Door

ICE terminates $73 million no-bid contract after improper influence allegations

| Importance: 8/10

ICE terminated a $72.9 million no-bid contract with Universal Strategic Advisors after competitor protests exposed “improper influence” in securing the deal. The company’s executives, Brian DeMore and David Marin, were previously sued for fabricating criminal evidence while at DHS. …

Universal Strategic Advisors Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Brian DeMore David Marin Timothy Robbins +1 more no-bid-contracts corruption improper-influence revolving-door contract-fraud
Read more →

Northrop Grumman Spends $10.86 Million on Lobbying with 29 Revolving Door Officials

| Importance: 8/10

Northrop Grumman spent $10.86 million on federal lobbying in 2023, employing 36 lobbyists of whom 29—a staggering 80.6 percent—had previously worked in government positions, exemplifying the revolving door between the Pentagon, Congress, and defense contractors that enables systematic corruption of …

Northrop Grumman U.S. Congress Senate Armed Services Committee House Armed Services Committee lobbying revolving door military-industrial complex defense contractors corruption +2 more
Read more →

Warren Report Reveals 672 Pentagon and Congressional Officials Now Lobby for Defense Contractors

| Importance: 9/10

Senator Elizabeth Warren released a comprehensive report analyzing the defense contractor revolving door, identifying 672 cases where the top 20 defense contractors employed former government officials, military officers, members of Congress, and senior legislative staff. The analysis found that 91% …

Elizabeth Warren Boeing Raytheon Lockheed Martin House Armed Services Committee +1 more revolving-door defense-contractors lobbying congressional-corruption pentagon
Read more →

Biden Administration 2022: Comprehensive Review of Political Appointees' Financial Disclosures and Ethics Compliance

| Importance: 8/10

Comprehensive analysis of Biden administration’s 2022 financial disclosures reveals a complex landscape of potential conflicts of interest and efforts to mitigate them. The Office of Government Ethics certified financial reports showing high compliance, with 48 out of 56 White House assistants …

Biden Administration Office of Government Ethics Regulatory Agencies Political Appointees Antony Blinken +3 more regulatory-capture revolving-door personnel conflict-of-interest ethics-disclosure +1 more
Read more →

In-Q-Tel Leaders Launch Chain Bridge SPAC, Criticized as 'Revolving Door on Steroids'

| Importance: 8/10

In November 2021, the senior leadership of In-Q-Tel—CEO Christopher Darby, President Stephen Bowsher, and technology investor Michael Rolnick—filed for an initial public offering for Chain Bridge I, a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) seeking to raise $200 million. The blank check company …

Christopher Darby Stephen Bowsher Michael Morell Jeremy Bash Alex Younger +2 more in-q-tel cia revolving-door corruption spac +2 more
Read more →

Former FDA Commissioner Stephen Hahn Joins Moderna Backer Flagship Pioneering

| Importance: 8/10

Former FDA Commissioner Stephen Hahn, who led the agency during the Emergency Use Authorization of Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccines, took an executive-level position as Chief Medical Officer with Flagship Pioneering, the venture capital firm that launched Moderna. This transition occurred six …

Stephen Hahn Flagship Pioneering Moderna Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Noubar Afeyan +1 more regulatory-capture pharmaceutical-industry revolving-door covid-19 fda
Read more →

Biden Nominates Frank Kendall for Air Force Secretary After $702,000 in Northrop Grumman Consulting Fees

| Importance: 9/10

President Joe Biden nominated Frank Kendall for Air Force Secretary in May 2021 despite Kendall having received $702,319 in consulting fees from Northrop Grumman as part of a $300,000 per year consulting contract after serving as Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics …

Frank Kendall Northrop Grumman U.S. Air Force Joe Biden U.S. Senate revolving door military-industrial complex defense contractors corruption conflicts of interest +2 more
Read more →

WeWork Withdraws IPO After Valuation Collapses from $47 Billion to $10 Billion, Exposing Massive Corporate Governance Failure

| Importance: 8/10

WeWork formally withdraws its S-1 filing and postpones its IPO after investor scrutiny reveals catastrophic governance failures and self-dealing by CEO Adam Neumann. The company’s valuation collapses from $47 billion (January 2019) to under $10 billion in months. The SEC investigation reveals …

Adam Neumann WeWork Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) SoftBank John White +1 more fraud regulatory-capture corporate-governance sec revolving-door +2 more
Read more →

Mark Esper Confirmed as Defense Secretary Despite Raytheon Lobbying Career and Refusal to Recuse

| Importance: 10/10

On July 23, 2019, the Senate voted 90-8 to confirm Mark Esper as Secretary of Defense, installing a former Raytheon weapons lobbyist as head of the Pentagon with authority over approximately $700 billion in annual defense spending including contracts worth tens of billions to his former employer. …

Mark Esper Raytheon Donald Trump Elizabeth Warren Lindsey Graham revolving-door raytheon defense-contractors pentagon mark-esper +2 more
Read more →

Betsy DeVos Repeals Gainful Employment Rule, Eliminating All Accountability for For-Profit College Job Outcomes Despite $1.3 Billion Projected Cost to Taxpayers

| Importance: 9/10

Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos formally repealed the Obama Administration’s Gainful Employment Rule on July 1, 2019, eliminating the only federal accountability mechanism that measured whether career training programs at for-profit colleges and non-degree programs at all institutions …

Betsy DeVos U.S. Department of Education Robert Eitel Julian Schmoke Jr. For-Profit College Industry +1 more for-profit-education deregulation regulatory-capture revolving-door student-debt +2 more
Read more →

Interior Secretary David Bernhardt Confirmed Despite Extensive Conflicts from Oil and Gas Lobbying Career

| Importance: 8/10

The Senate confirmed David Bernhardt as Interior Secretary on April 11, 2019, by a vote of 56 to 41 despite extensive conflicts of interest from his career as an oil and gas lobbyist. A Center for American Progress analysis determined Bernhardt had the dubious distinction of being the most …

David Bernhardt Donald Trump cabinet corruption ethics violations david bernhardt interior department conflicts of interest +2 more
Read more →

Pam Bondi Joins Ballard Partners as Lobbyist, Monetizing Government Connections

| Importance: 8/10

Former Florida Attorney General Pam Bondi joined Ballard Partners, the powerful Trump-connected lobbying firm, as chairwoman of the Corporate Regulatory Compliance practice immediately after leaving office in January 2019. Over the next five years, Bondi would lobby on behalf of more than 30 clients …

Pam Bondi Donald Trump Susie Wiles pam bondi lobbying corruption revolving door ballard partners
Read more →

Coal Lobbyist Andrew Wheeler Becomes Acting EPA Administrator After Pruitt Resignation

| Importance: 8/10

On July 9, 2018, Donald Trump named Andrew Wheeler as Acting EPA Administrator following Scott Pruitt’s resignation amid 14 federal corruption investigations. Wheeler, a former coal industry lobbyist who had represented Murray Energy—one of America’s largest coal companies—embodied …

Andrew Wheeler Donald Trump Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Faegre Baker Daniels Murray Energy +1 more regulatory-capture epa fossil-fuels climate-denial revolving-door +1 more
Read more →

Kansas City Fed Approves Reserve Trust Master Account After Alleged Intervention

| Importance: 8/10

The Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City reversed its 2017 denial and approved Reserve Trust Company’s master account application in May 2018, approximately nine months after former Fed Governor Sarah Bloom Raskin allegedly contacted Kansas City Fed President Esther George. The approval raised …

Sarah Bloom Raskin Reserve Trust Company Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Esther George Pat Toomey +1 more federal-reserve corruption revolving-door sarah-bloom-raskin kansas-city-fed +3 more
Read more →

Alex Azar Confirmed as HHS Secretary After Doubling Insulin Prices at Eli Lilly

| Importance: 9/10

On January 24, 2018, the Senate confirmed Alex Azar as Secretary of Health and Human Services by a vote of 55-43, installing as the nation’s top healthcare regulator a pharmaceutical executive who had overseen dramatic insulin price increases during his decade at Eli Lilly. As President of …

Alex Azar Eli Lilly Department of Health and Human Services Ron Wyden Donald Trump revolving-door regulatory-capture healthcare pharmaceutical-industry insulin-pricing +3 more
Read more →

Dan Elwell Becomes Acting FAA Administrator After Boeing Executive Career

| Importance: 8/10

Dan Elwell becomes acting FAA Administrator on January 7, 2018, when Michael Huerta’s five-year term ends, exemplifying the revolving door between aviation regulators and the industry they oversee. Elwell, who had served as Deputy Administrator since June 2017, brought extensive aviation …

Dan Elwell Federal Aviation Administration Michael Huerta Transportation Secretary Elaine Chao Boeing Corporation +7 more regulatory-capture faa-leadership boeing-737-max revolving-door aviation-regulation +1 more
Read more →

HHS Secretary Tom Price Resigns After $1 Million Private Jet Scandal

| Importance: 8/10

Health and Human Services Secretary Tom Price resigned after revelations he spent over $1 million in taxpayer funds on private jets and military aircraft for travel that included personal business. Price took at least 26 private charter flights costing over $400,000, often to places where he had …

Tom Price Donald Trump Department of Health and Human Services corruption resignation misuse-of-funds healthcare insider-trading +5 more
Read more →

Mark Esper, Former Raytheon Weapons Lobbyist, Becomes Army Secretary in Revolving Door Appointment

| Importance: 9/10

On July 21, 2017, the Senate confirmed Mark Esper as Secretary of the Army, installing a former Raytheon weapons lobbyist in a senior Pentagon position overseeing billions of dollars in defense contracts. Esper had served as Raytheon’s vice president of government relations from July 2010 …

Mark Esper Raytheon Donald Trump Elizabeth Warren revolving-door raytheon defense-contractors pentagon lobbying +1 more
Read more →

Kansas City Fed Denies Reserve Trust Master Account Amid Potential Regulatory Capture

| Importance: 8/10

On June 15, 2017, the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City initially denied Reserve Trust Company’s application for a master account, one month after former Fed Governor Sarah Bloom Raskin joined the fintech’s board. Subsequent investigations revealed that Raskin allegedly made direct …

Sarah Bloom Raskin Reserve Trust Company Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Esther George Pat Toomey +1 more federal-reserve corruption revolving-door sarah-bloom-raskin kansas-city-fed +4 more
Read more →

Boris Epshteyn Leaves Trump White House, Immediately Joins Sinclair Broadcasting as Chief Political Analyst - Direct Trump Propaganda Pipeline

| Importance: 10/10

In mid-April 2017, just weeks after quietly departing the Trump White House in March, Boris Epshteyn was hired by Sinclair Broadcast Group as “chief political analyst,” creating a direct propaganda pipeline from the Trump administration to 173 local television stations in 81 markets …

Boris Epshteyn Sinclair Broadcast Group Donald Trump White House Office of Communications Trump Administration sinclair-broadcasting propaganda media-consolidation trump-coordination revolving-door +3 more
Read more →

Trump Appoints Ajit Pai as FCC Chairman, Installing Former Verizon Lawyer to Regulate His Former Employer

| Importance: 9/10

President Donald Trump designates Ajit Pai as Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, elevating the sitting Republican commissioner and former Verizon Communications associate general counsel to lead the agency responsible for regulating his former employer and the broader …

Donald Trump Ajit Pai Verizon Communications Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Tom Wheeler revolving-door regulatory-capture fcc net-neutrality verizon +2 more
Read more →

Former Air Force Chief of Staff Mark Welsh Joins Northrop Grumman Board After B-21 Bomber Contract Award

| Importance: 9/10

Retired General Mark Welsh joined Northrop Grumman’s board of directors just five months after retiring as Air Force Chief of Staff and barely one year after the company won the $21.4 billion initial contract to build the B-21 Raider next-generation stealth bomber, exemplifying the revolving …

Mark Welsh Northrop Grumman U.S. Air Force Wes Bush Donald Trump revolving door military-industrial complex defense contractors corruption pentagon contracts +2 more
Read more →

Rep. Tom Price Purchases Discounted Healthcare Stocks While Drafting Industry Legislation

| Importance: 9/10

On August 31, 2016, Rep. Tom Price (R-GA), chairman of the House Budget Committee and member of the Ways and Means Health Subcommittee, purchased between $50,001 and $100,000 in discounted shares of Innate Immunotherapeutics, an Australian biotech company, through a private placement offering …

Tom Price Chris Collins Innate Immunotherapeutics Zimmer Biomet House Energy and Commerce Committee insider-trading congressional-corruption healthcare revolving-door stock-act-violation +2 more
Read more →

Eric Cantor Joins Wall Street Investment Bank for $3.4M After House Leadership

| Importance: 9/10

Moelis & Company, a Wall Street investment bank, announced the appointment of former House Majority Leader Eric Cantor (R-VA) as vice chairman and managing director just two weeks after his congressional career ended. According to SEC filings, Cantor’s compensation package included a …

Eric Cantor Moelis & Company House Republicans revolving-door lobbying congressional-corruption wall-street financial-sector
Read more →

Max Baucus Confirmed as Ambassador After Healthcare Industry Staffers Become Lobbyists

| Importance: 8/10

The Senate confirmed former Finance Committee Chairman Max Baucus (D-MT) as U.S. Ambassador to China by a vote of 96-0, ending his 36-year congressional career. Baucus had served as chairman and ranking member of the powerful Senate Finance Committee, where he was the chief architect of the …

Max Baucus Senate Finance Committee Merck UnitedHealth Group Jeffrey Forbes revolving-door lobbying congressional-corruption healthcare regulatory-capture
Read more →

Retired General James Mattis Joins General Dynamics Board Five Months After Marine Corps Retirement

| Importance: 8/10

General James Mattis joined the General Dynamics board of directors in August 2013, just five months after retiring from the Marine Corps in March 2013 as commander of U.S. Central Command. Mattis would earn over $900,000 in total compensation during his 2013-2017 board tenure, including $594,369 in …

James Mattis General Dynamics Marine Corps revolving-door defense-contractors general-dynamics pentagon military-industrial-complex
Read more →

Obama Nominates Telecom Industry Lobbyist Tom Wheeler as FCC Chairman

| Importance: 9/10

President Barack Obama nominates Tom Wheeler, a former top lobbyist for cable and wireless industries, to lead the Federal Communications Commission. Wheeler’s appointment exemplifies the revolving door between telecommunications regulators and industry, having served as CEO of the Cellular …

Tom Wheeler Barack Obama Cellular Telecommunications & Internet Association (CTIA) National Cable Television Association (NCTA) Public Interest Groups +1 more regulatory-capture fcc revolving-door telecommunications tom-wheeler +1 more
Read more →

DOJ Criminal Division Chief Lanny Breuer Resigns After PBS Frontline Documentary 'The Untouchables' Exposes 'Too Big to Jail' Policy Resulting in Zero Major Bank Executive Prosecutions Compared to 900+ Convictions in 1980s S&L Crisis

| Importance: 10/10

On January 29, 2013, Assistant Attorney General Lanny Breuer announced his resignation as head of the Department of Justice’s Criminal Division, just one week after PBS Frontline aired “The Untouchables,” a damning documentary exposing how the Obama Justice Department had …

Lanny Breuer Eric Holder Department of Justice Covington & Burling Barack Obama +2 more financial-crisis accountability-crisis regulatory-capture revolving-door too-big-to-fail +1 more
Read more →

ACA Architect Liz Fowler Leaves White House for Johnson & Johnson After Industry-Friendly Healthcare Legislation

| Importance: 9/10

On December 5, 2012, Elizabeth “Liz” Fowler announced her departure from the White House to join Johnson & Johnson as head of global health policy, completing her third spin through the healthcare industry revolving door. Fowler had served as the chief architect of the Affordable …

Elizabeth Fowler Johnson & Johnson WellPoint Max Baucus Barack Obama +1 more revolving-door regulatory-capture healthcare lobbying pharmaceutical-industry +3 more
Read more →

Judd Gregg Joins Goldman Sachs as International Advisor After Banking Committee Role

| Importance: 8/10

Goldman Sachs announced the appointment of former Senator Judd Gregg (R-NH) as an international advisor to the firm, making him one of 17 such advisors providing strategic counsel to Goldman’s executives and clients. Gregg had served three terms in the U.S. Senate from 1993 to 2011, serving as …

Judd Gregg Goldman Sachs Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association revolving-door lobbying congressional-corruption wall-street goldman-sachs
Read more →

FCC Commissioner Meredith Baker Joins Comcast Four Months After Approving NBC Universal Merger

| Importance: 8/10

FCC Commissioner Meredith Attwell Baker announces her resignation to join Comcast-NBC Universal as senior vice president of governmental affairs, just four months after voting to approve the company’s merger with NBC Universal. Baker was part of the 4-1 majority that approved the $30 billion …

Meredith Attwell Baker Comcast Corporation NBC Universal Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Craig Aaron +1 more regulatory-capture fcc revolving-door telecommunications comcast +1 more
Read more →

Chris Dodd Becomes Hollywood's Chief Lobbyist After Promising No Lobbying

| Importance: 8/10

Former Senator Chris Dodd (D-CT) was named chairman and CEO of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA), becoming Hollywood’s chief lobbyist in Washington despite having “repeatedly and categorically” promised he would not work as a lobbyist after leaving the Senate. Dodd …

Chris Dodd MPAA Motion Picture Association revolving-door lobbying congressional-corruption hollywood financial-sector
Read more →

Evan Bayh Joins Apollo Global Management and Five Corporate Boards After Senate

| Importance: 8/10

Former Senator Evan Bayh (D-IN) joined private equity giant Apollo Global Management as a senior adviser and McGuireWoods as a strategic advisor immediately after leaving the Senate in January 2011. Within months, Bayh also secured positions on five corporate boards: Marathon Petroleum, Berry …

Evan Bayh Apollo Global Management McGuireWoods Marathon Petroleum Berry Plastics revolving-door lobbying congressional-corruption private-equity corporate-boards
Read more →

FDA Arthritis Drug Reviewer Jeffrey Siegel Joins Genentech After Approving Company Tocilizumab

| Importance: 7/10

Jeffrey Siegel, an FDA staff member specializing in arthritis drug reviews, oversaw the 2010 approval of Genentech tocilizumab (Actemra) for arthritis treatment. Within months of the approval, Siegel left the FDA to join Genentech and its parent company Roche as director of the division that …

Jeffrey Siegel FDA Genentech Roche Actemra regulatory-capture pharmaceutical-industry fda revolving-door drug-approval
Read more →

Wells Fargo Hires SEC Enforcement Chief Two Weeks Before Representing Bank in Pending Cases

| Importance: 8/10

An enforcement branch chief in the SEC’s San Francisco office left the agency in May 2010 to become in-house counsel at Wells Fargo & Co. Less than two weeks after joining Wells Fargo, she filed six disclosure statements indicating she would be representing the bank in connection with …

Wells Fargo Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) SEC San Francisco Office revolving-door wells-fargo sec regulatory-capture enforcement +1 more
Read more →

Former CDC Director Julie Gerberding Joins Merck as Vaccine Division President

| Importance: 8/10

Dr. Julie Gerberding, who served as CDC Director from 2002-2009, joined Merck as president of the company’s vaccine division shortly after leaving government service. This move sparked significant controversy because during her tenure at the CDC, Gerberding oversaw the agency’s …

Dr. Julie Gerberding CDC Merck Gardasil vaccine regulatory-capture cdc pharmaceuticals revolving-door vaccines +1 more
Read more →

Obama Admin Prosecutes Zero Wall Street Executives Despite Crisis Fraud

| Importance: 8/10

Despite widespread evidence of fraud in the 2008 financial crisis, the Obama administration prosecuted zero major Wall Street executives, contrasting starkly with the Savings and Loan crisis when 1,706 bankers were sent to prison. Instead, the DOJ pursued civil settlements totaling tens of billions, …

Eric Holder Department of Justice Wall Street Banks Lanny Breuer Covington & Burling financial-crisis wall-street impunity revolving-door too-big-to-fail
Read more →

Trent Lott Resigns from Senate to Evade New Lobbying Ethics Law

| Importance: 9/10

Senator Trent Lott (R-MS), former Senate Majority Leader, abruptly resigned from the Senate effective 11:30 PM on December 18, 2007, explicitly timing his departure to avoid the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act. The new ethics law, taking effect January 1, 2008, would have required a …

Trent Lott John Breaux Breaux Lott Leadership Group Patton Boggs revolving-door lobbying congressional-corruption ethics-violations regulatory-capture
Read more →

Honest Leadership Act Takes Effect But Fails to Slow Congressional Revolving Door

| Importance: 8/10

The Honest Leadership and Open Government Act took full effect after President Bush signed it into law, implementing new ethics rules designed to slow the revolving door between Congress and lobbying firms. The law extended cooling-off periods from one to two years for senators and established a …

Congress K Street Public Citizen revolving-door lobbying congressional-corruption ethics-reform regulatory-failure
Read more →

Public Citizen Report Shows 43% of Lawmakers Leaving Congress Became Lobbyists

| Importance: 9/10

Public Citizen released “Congressional Revolving Doors: The Journey from Congress To K Street,” documenting that 43% of U.S. House and Senate lawmakers (86 out of 198) who left office between 1998 and 2004 became registered lobbyists. The report found that 50% of eligible departing …

Public Citizen Congress K Street revolving-door lobbying congressional-corruption regulatory-capture
Read more →

Tom Daschle Joins Private Equity Firm and Lobbying After Senate Majority Leadership

| Importance: 8/10

Former Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle (D-SD) joined InterMedia Advisors, a New York-based private equity firm, as a consultant and chairman of its executive advisory board just months after losing his 2004 reelection bid. Simultaneously, Daschle joined the law and lobbying firm Alston & Bird …

Tom Daschle InterMedia Advisors Alston & Bird Leo Hindery revolving-door lobbying congressional-corruption healthcare private-equity
Read more →

Dick Gephardt Founds Lobbying Firm After 28 Years as House Democratic Leader

| Importance: 8/10

Former House Majority Leader Dick Gephardt (D-MO) founded Gephardt Group, a consulting and lobbying firm, immediately after his three-decade political career ended with the expiration of his 14th congressional term on January 3, 2005. Gephardt established the Atlanta-based firm with his children, …

Dick Gephardt Gephardt Group DLA Piper revolving-door lobbying congressional-corruption democratic-party
Read more →

Billy Tauzin Joins PhRMA as CEO After Shepherding $200B Medicare Drug Bill

| Importance: 9/10

Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) announced that former House Energy and Commerce Committee Chairman Billy Tauzin (R-LA) would become its president and CEO, effective January 2005. The announcement came shortly after Tauzin’s retirement from Congress, where from 2001 …

Billy Tauzin PhRMA Medicare revolving-door regulatory-capture healthcare lobbying congressional-corruption
Read more →

Oracle Hires CIA Executive Director David Carney, Establishes Information Assurance Center

| Importance: 8/10

Oracle Corporation hired David W. Carney as Vice President of Information Assurance on September 4, 2001, just one week before the September 11 terrorist attacks, marking a significant deepening of Oracle’s relationship with the U.S. intelligence community. Carney retired after 32 years at the …

Oracle David W. Carney CIA Larry Ellison oracle cia revolving-door intelligence-agencies national-security
Read more →

Air Force Secretary James Roche Appointed After 17 Years as Northrop Grumman Executive

| Importance: 9/10

President George W. Bush appointed James G. Roche as Secretary of the Air Force in 2001 despite—or perhaps because of—Roche’s 17-year career as a top executive at Northrop Grumman, one of the Air Force’s largest contractors, exemplifying the revolving door that enables defense industry …

James G. Roche Northrop Grumman U.S. Air Force Department of Defense George W. Bush revolving door military-industrial complex defense contractors corruption conflicts of interest +1 more
Read more →

Robert Rubin Joins Citigroup for $126 Million After Engineering Glass-Steagall Repeal

| Importance: 9/10

Robert Rubin joins Citigroup just four months after leaving his position as Treasury Secretary, shortly after the November 1999 passage of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act that repealed Glass-Steagall. Rubin’s move to Citigroup - the principal beneficiary of Glass-Steagall repeal - represents one of …

Robert Rubin Citigroup Sandy Weill Goldman Sachs Treasury Department revolving-door citigroup glass-steagall corruption regulatory-capture +2 more
Read more →

Lawrence Summers Becomes Treasury Secretary, Accelerates Derivatives Deregulation Campaign

| Importance: 8/10

The U.S. Senate confirms Lawrence Summers as the 71st Secretary of the Treasury, replacing Robert Rubin and continuing the aggressive deregulation agenda. Summers had spent the previous year as Deputy Secretary orchestrating opposition to derivatives regulation, including making an “irate …

Lawrence Summers Bill Clinton Robert Rubin U.S. Senate Wall Street derivatives dealers treasury derivatives deregulation revolving-door financial-crisis +2 more
Read more →

FDA Approves OxyContin with Unsubstantiated Safety Claims

| Importance: 9/10

The FDA approved Purdue Pharma’s OxyContin application, including a scientifically unsubstantiated claim that delayed absorption ‘is believed to reduce the abuse liability of a drug.’ This approval occurred without clinical trials to prove the safety claim and marked the beginning …

FDA Purdue Pharma Dr. Curtis Wright Sackler Family regulatory-capture fda pharmaceuticals opioid-crisis revolving-door +1 more
Read more →

Robert Rubin Appointed Treasury Secretary After 26 Years at Goldman Sachs

| Importance: 8/10

Robert E. Rubin was sworn in as the 70th Secretary of the Treasury, bringing Wall Street directly into the highest levels of economic policymaking. Rubin had spent 26 years at Goldman Sachs, rising to co-chairman from 1990-1992, before joining the Clinton administration as director of the National …

Robert Rubin Bill Clinton Goldman Sachs revolving-door goldman-sachs treasury financial-deregulation regulatory-capture
Read more →

CFTC Chair Wendy Gramm Exempts Enron from Derivatives Regulation, Joins Board Five Weeks Later

| Importance: 9/10

On her final day as Chair of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, Wendy Gramm approves a regulatory exemption allowing Enron to trade energy derivatives without CFTC oversight. The exemption, granted on January 14, 1993 (some sources cite January 21, the final day of the George H.W. Bush …

Wendy Gramm Phil Gramm Enron Corporation CFTC Commodity Futures Trading Commission Kenneth Lay derivatives corruption revolving-door enron energy-trading +3 more
Read more →