Political-Realignment

Dixiecrat Revolt - Strom Thurmond Leads Segregationist Walkout After Democratic Civil Rights Platform

| Importance: 8/10

On July 17, 1948, approximately 6,000 Southern Democrats from 13 states converge on Birmingham, Alabama, to form the States’ Rights Democratic Party (Dixiecrats) after walking out of the Democratic National Convention in protest of the party’s civil rights platform. The convention …

Strom Thurmond Fielding L. Wright States Rights Democratic Party Democratic Party Alabama delegation +1 more racial-politics segregation southern-strategy states-rights political-realignment
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Former Democratic Presidential Candidate Al Smith Delivers Vitriolic Anti-Roosevelt Speech at Liberty League Dinner

| Importance: 7/10

On January 25, 1936, former New York Governor and 1928 Democratic presidential candidate Al Smith delivers the keynote address at the American Liberty League dinner at Washington’s Mayflower Hotel, launching a scathing attack on President Roosevelt that accuses the New Deal of fomenting class …

Al Smith American Liberty League Franklin D. Roosevelt Jouett Shouse Du Pont family corporate-resistance new-deal propaganda red-baiting political-realignment +1 more
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Theodore Roosevelt Forms Bull Moose Party After GOP Convention Theft: Republican Split Ensures Wilson Victory

| Importance: 9/10

Theodore Roosevelt accepted the Progressive Party nomination for president at a convention in Chicago, formally splitting from the Republican Party after losing the nomination to his former friend William Howard Taft despite winning nine of twelve state primaries. Roosevelt’s “Bull …

Theodore Roosevelt William Howard Taft Woodrow Wilson Progressive Party Republican National Committee progressive-era third-party republican-party political-realignment corporate-power
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Insurgent Republicans Revolt Against Speaker Cannon: 29-Hour Session Strips Autocratic Powers, Splits GOP

| Importance: 8/10

After a dramatic 29-hour marathon session, the House of Representatives voted 191 to 156 to strip Speaker Joseph Cannon of his autocratic powers, removing him as chairman of the Committee on Rules and expanding its membership from five to 15 members. Representative George William Norris of Nebraska, …

Joseph Cannon George William Norris President William Howard Taft Progressive Republicans progressive-era congressional-reform republican-party corporate-power political-realignment
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Payne-Aldrich Tariff Betrays Progressive Promises: Taft Praises "Best Tariff Bill," Splits Republican Party

| Importance: 8/10

President William Howard Taft signed the Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act and infamously praised it as “the best tariff bill the Republican party ever passed,” betraying his 1908 campaign promises for meaningful tariff reform and triggering a permanent split within the Republican Party. Taft had …

President William Howard Taft Nelson Aldrich Progressive Republicans Old Guard Republicans progressive-era tariff-policy republican-party corporate-power political-realignment
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People's Party Officially Forms in Texas, Launching Populist Movement

| Importance: 8/10

The People’s Party formally organizes in Dallas on August 18, 1891, following years of escalating frustration among Farmers’ Alliance members who conclude that traditional parties are too attached to corporate interests and political office perks to be effective agents of reform. The …

Farmers' Alliance Knights of Labor People's Party populist-movement political-realignment labor-organizing corporate-resistance
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Mugwump Republicans Bolt Party Over Blaine Nomination, Citing Corruption

| Importance: 8/10

Reform-minded Republicans—derisively called “Mugwumps” from the Algonquian word for “important person” or “kingpin”—bolt from their party following James G. Blaine’s nomination for president at the Republican National Convention in June 1884. The Mugwumps, a …

James G. Blaine Grover Cleveland Carl Schurz Mark Twain Henry Ward Beecher systematic-corruption political-realignment reform-movements railroad-corruption
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Free Soil Party Splits Democratic Vote, Demonstrating Slavery's Destruction of Party Unity

| Importance: 7/10

The 1848 presidential election takes place in the aftermath of the Mexican-American War and intense debates over the extension of slavery into the Mexican Cession. After both the Whig Party and the Democratic Party nominate presidential candidates who are unwilling to rule out the extension of …

Martin Van Buren Free Soil Party Democratic Party Whig Party Lewis Cass +1 more free-soil-party antislavery political-realignment sectional-conflict slavery-expansion
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