The Supreme Court declares the Civil Rights Act of 1875 unconstitutional in an 8-1 decision, ruling that the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments do not empower Congress to outlaw racial discrimination by private individuals—thereby legitimizing the Jim Crow system of racial segregation that will …
U.S. Supreme CourtJoseph P. BradleyJohn Marshall Harlanjudicial-capturecivil-rights-destructionreconstruction-sabotageinstitutional-racismwhite-supremacy
President Rutherford B. Hayes signs the Posse Comitatus Act into law on June 18, 1878, restricting the use of federal military personnel to enforce domestic law. Passed as an amendment to an army appropriations bill following the end of Reconstruction, the Act prohibits using the Army, Navy, Marine …
Rutherford B. HayesU.S. Congressreconstruction-sabotagemilitary-policycivil-rights-destructioninstitutional-capture
The Supreme Court unanimously overturns the federal convictions of Colfax Massacre perpetrators in United States v. Cruikshank, ruling that the Bill of Rights does not limit private actors or state governments despite the Fourteenth Amendment—effectively destroying federal power to protect Black …
U.S. Supreme CourtJoseph P. BradleyColfax Massacre Perpetratorsjudicial-capturereconstruction-sabotagecivil-rights-destructionwhite-supremacyinstitutional-capture