Supreme Court ruled 6-3 (Harvard) and 6-2 (UNC) that race-conscious admissions policies at Harvard and University of North Carolina violate the Equal Protection Clause, effectively ending affirmative action in higher education nationwide. Chief Justice Roberts authored the majority opinion, joined …
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On June 23, 2003, the Supreme Court ruled 5-4 in Grutter v. Bollinger that the University of Michigan Law School’s race-conscious admissions policy did not violate the Equal Protection Clause, upholding the principle that diversity in higher education constitutes a compelling government …
Justice Sandra Day O'ConnorJustice Clarence ThomasUniversity of Michigan Law SchoolLee BollingerCenter for Individual Rightseducationsupreme-courtaffirmative-actioncivil-rightsdiversity
In the final week of his Senate race against Harvey Gantt—the first African American major party Senate candidate in North Carolina—incumbent Republican Jesse Helms aired the notorious ‘Hands’ or ‘White Hands’ advertisement. The ad depicted white hands crumpling a job …
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