Walter Reuther

AFL-CIO Merger Consolidates Labor Movement, But Cements Conservative Leadership

| Importance: 8/10

The American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations merge on December 5, 1955, creating the AFL-CIO with 16 million members representing one-third of American workers. George Meany, the conservative plumber who led the AFL, becomes president, while the more progressive …

George Meany Walter Reuther American Federation of Labor Congress of Industrial Organizations AFL-CIO labor unions labor-consolidation labor-politics cold-war
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Treaty of Detroit - GM-UAW Contract Establishes Labor Containment Model

| Importance: 8/10

General Motors and the United Auto Workers sign a landmark five-year contract on May 23, 1950, that Fortune magazine christens the “Treaty of Detroit.” The agreement provides unprecedented wage increases and benefits but requires the UAW to abandon demands for a voice in corporate …

General Motors United Auto Workers Walter Reuther Charles Wilson labor-policy corporate-strategy union-containment wages collective-bargaining
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CIO Expels United Electrical Workers and Farm Equipment Workers, Beginning Purge of Communist-Led Unions

| Importance: 9/10

The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) holds its eleventh annual convention in Cleveland and expels two member unions, the United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America (UE) and the Farm Equipment Workers, for alleged “disloyalty to the CIO” and support for the …

Congress of Industrial Organizations Philip Murray Walter Reuther United Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers Farm Equipment Workers +1 more labor-suppression red-scare anti-communism union-busting mccarthyism +1 more
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Largest Strike Wave in U.S. History Begins as 5 Million Workers Walk Out

| Importance: 8/10

Over five million American workers engage in strikes in the year after V-J Day - the largest strike wave in U.S. history and the closest thing to a national general strike of the 20th century. Workers demand wages to match 16% inflation while their pay rises only 7%. Major strikes include 750,000 …

United Auto Workers United Mine Workers United Steel Workers Walter Reuther John L. Lewis +1 more labor-organizing strikes corporate-power postwar-economy union-rights
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Battle of the Overpass - Ford Motor Company Thugs Brutally Attack UAW Organizers in Planned Assault at River Rouge

| Importance: 8/10

On May 26, 1937, at approximately 2:00 p.m., Ford Motor Company orchestrates a brutal assault on United Auto Workers organizers conducting a permitted leaflet distribution campaign at the Miller Road pedestrian overpass above Gate 4 of the massive River Rouge Plant complex in Dearborn, Michigan. UAW …

Ford Motor Company Harry Bennett Ford Service Department United Auto Workers Walter Reuther +3 more labor-rights corporate-violence uaw ford union-busting +2 more
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General Motors Capitulates to UAW After 44-Day Flint Sit-Down Strike, Recognizing Union in Historic Labor Victory

| Importance: 10/10

On February 11, 1937, General Motors—the world’s largest industrial corporation—capitulates to the UAW after 44 days of sit-down strikes, signing a one-page agreement that recognizes the United Auto Workers as exclusive bargaining representative for union members for six months and …

United Auto Workers General Motors Alfred Sloan Jr. William Knudsen Fisher Body workers +2 more labor-rights strikes sit-down-strikes uaw general-motors +2 more
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UAW Autoworkers Launch Historic Flint Sit-Down Strike Against General Motors, Occupying Fisher Body Plants

| Importance: 9/10

At 8:00 p.m. on December 30, 1936, UAW autoworkers occupy General Motors Fisher Body Plant Number One in Flint, Michigan, launching one of the most significant labor actions in American history—a 44-day sit-down strike that transforms the fledgling United Auto Workers from a collection of isolated …

United Auto Workers General Motors Fisher Body workers Bob Travis Walter Reuther +4 more labor-rights strikes sit-down-strikes uaw general-motors +2 more
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