John Quincy Adams

Amistad Captives Revolt and Win Freedom in Supreme Court, Exposing Slavery's Illegality

| Importance: 8/10

Fifty-three recently abducted Africans being transported aboard the Spanish schooner Amistad from Havana to Puerto Príncipe, Cuba revolt under the leadership of Joseph Cinqué, killing the captain and cook while sparing the Spanish navigator to sail them back to Sierra Leone. The Africans had been …

Joseph Cinqué Amistad captives John Quincy Adams Lewis Tappan U.S. Supreme Court slavery institutional-corruption resistance legal-victory international-law
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Abolitionist Editor Elijah Lovejoy Murdered by Pro-Slavery Mob; No Prosecutions Follow

| Importance: 8/10

Presbyterian minister and abolitionist newspaper editor Elijah Parish Lovejoy is murdered by a pro-slavery mob in Alton, Illinois, struck by five bullets while defending his printing press from destruction. The murder of Lovejoy—whose fourth printing press had been hidden in a warehouse owned by …

Elijah Parish Lovejoy Pro-slavery mob Alton, Illinois authorities John Quincy Adams John Brown +1 more anti-abolition-violence press-freedom mob-violence slave-power impunity +1 more
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House Gag Rule Suppresses Antislavery Petitions, Demonstrating Slave Power's Congressional Capture

| Importance: 9/10

The House of Representatives passes the Pinckney Resolutions, authored by Henry L. Pinckney of South Carolina, establishing what becomes known as the “gag rule”—a resolution automatically “tabling” all antislavery petitions, prohibiting them from being printed, read, …

Henry L. Pinckney John Quincy Adams U.S. House of Representatives American Anti-Slavery Society Pro-slavery Democrats gag-rule slave-power legislative-capture censorship first-amendment +1 more
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Corrupt Bargain Elevates Adams to Presidency Through House Backroom Deal

| Importance: 8/10

The House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams as president on February 9, 1825, despite Andrew Jackson winning both the popular vote (152,901 to 114,023) and the highest electoral vote count (99, though short of the required majority). When no candidate achieved an electoral majority in the …

John Quincy Adams Henry Clay Andrew Jackson William Crawford U.S. House of Representatives institutional-capture systematic-corruption electoral-fraud political-deception democratic-erosion
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House Elects John Quincy Adams in "Corrupt Bargain" After Clay Throws Support, Ending Era of Good Feelings

| Importance: 8/10

The U.S. House of Representatives elects John Quincy Adams as president despite Andrew Jackson having won both a plurality of the popular vote (41%) and the Electoral College (99 votes to Adams’s 84), in what becomes known as the “Corrupt Bargain.” The 1824 presidential election …

John Quincy Adams Henry Clay Andrew Jackson William H. Crawford U.S. House of Representatives electoral-corruption political-deals elite-manipulation democratic-erosion
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