John Foster Dulles

CIA Operation PBSUCCESS Overthrows Guatemalan Democracy, Protects United Fruit Company Interests

| Importance: 9/10

On June 27, 1954, democratically elected Guatemalan President Jacobo Arbenz resigned under pressure from a CIA-orchestrated coup known as Operation PBSUCCESS. The intervention, designed primarily to protect United Fruit Company’s vast landholdings, inaugurated decades of military dictatorship, …

Central Intelligence Agency Allen Dulles John Foster Dulles United Fruit Company Jacobo Arbenz +3 more intelligence-overreach foreign-intervention corporate-interests banana-republic cold-war +1 more
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Eisenhower Approves New Look Defense Policy - Cuts Military Budget by One-Third Despite Pentagon Resistance

| Importance: 8/10

President Eisenhower approved National Security Council directive NSC 162/2, establishing the “New Look” defense policy that would reduce real defense spending by nearly one-third over his presidency despite intense Pentagon resistance. The policy reflected Eisenhower’s conviction …

Dwight D. Eisenhower John Foster Dulles Robert B. Carney Matthew B. Ridgway Strategic Air Command defense-budget military-spending pentagon nuclear-weapons fiscal-policy
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CIA Operation Ajax Overthrows Democratic Iranian Government, Installs Shah Dictatorship

| Importance: 9/10

On August 19, 1953, the CIA executed Operation Ajax (known to the British as Operation Boot), a covert action that overthrew Iran’s democratically elected Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh and restored authoritarian power to Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. The coup marked the first time the CIA …

Central Intelligence Agency Kermit Roosevelt Jr. Allen Dulles John Foster Dulles Mohammad Mosaddegh +4 more intelligence-overreach foreign-intervention oil-industry corporate-interests authoritarian-support +1 more
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