Interstate Commerce Commission

Mann-Elkins Act Strengthens Railroad Regulation, Expands ICC Authority to Telecommunications

| Importance: 7/10

President William Howard Taft signed the Mann-Elkins Act, also called the Railway Rate Act of 1910, strengthening the Interstate Commerce Commission’s (ICC) authority over railroad rates and expanding federal regulation to telephone, telegraph, and wireless companies for the first time. The …

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Roosevelt Leaves Office After 44 Antitrust Suits, Revealing Progressive Era Reform Limits

| Importance: 8/10

When Theodore Roosevelt left office on March 4, 1909, his administration had filed 44 antitrust lawsuits (18 civil and 26 criminal cases, resulting in 22 convictions and 22 acquittals) against major corporations including Northern Securities, Standard Oil, American Tobacco, the Beef Trust, and Du …

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Roosevelt Signs Hepburn Act Creating First True Federal Regulatory Agency

| Importance: 9/10

On June 29, 1906, President Theodore Roosevelt signed the Hepburn Act into law after a month of conference committee reconciliation, with the Senate passing it 71-3 and the House by substantial margin. The Act fundamentally strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission, giving it power to set …

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Roosevelt Signs Elkins Act Prohibiting Railroad Rebates and Price Discrimination

| Importance: 7/10

On February 19, 1903, President Theodore Roosevelt signed the Elkins Act, which made it a federal misdemeanor for railroads to grant rebates or preferential rates and held both the carrier and the recipient liable. The Act was sponsored by Senator Stephen B. Elkins of West Virginia and introduced in …

Theodore Roosevelt Senator Stephen B. Elkins Interstate Commerce Commission Pennsylvania Railroad Railroad companies antitrust railroad-regulation progressive-era regulatory-enforcement
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Interstate Commerce Act: First Federal Regulatory Response to Corporate Monopoly

| Importance: 8/10

On February 4, 1887, President Grover Cleveland approved the Interstate Commerce Act, creating the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) to oversee railroad industry conduct. This landmark legislation made railroads the first industry subject to federal regulation in American history, responding to …

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