Chamber of Commerce

Corporate PAC Explosion: 433 New Corporate PACs Formed in Post-Buckley Era

| Importance: 8/10

Following the Buckley v. Valeo decision, corporations rapidly established Political Action Committees to influence elections. The number of corporate PACs grew from 89 in 1974 to 1,206 by 1980 - a 1,254% increase. This represented a systematic corporate mobilization to capture political influence, …

Corporate America Business Roundtable Chamber of Commerce FEC corporate-pacs campaign-finance systematic-corruption institutional-capture
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Occupational Safety and Health Act Creates OSHA After Decades of Industry Opposition to Workplace Safety

| Importance: 8/10

On December 29, 1970, President Richard Nixon signed the Occupational Safety and Health Act, creating the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and establishing for the first time comprehensive federal authority to set and enforce workplace safety standards. The legislation responded …

President Richard Nixon U.S. Congress AFL-CIO National Association of Manufacturers Chamber of Commerce worker-rights regulatory-reform corporate-lobbying labor-movement public-health
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Age Discrimination in Employment Act Protects Workers Over 40 from Job Discrimination

| Importance: 7/10

On December 15, 1967, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), prohibiting employment discrimination against workers aged 40 to 65 (later extended to all workers over 40). The law banned discrimination in hiring, firing, compensation, and terms of …

President Lyndon B. Johnson U.S. Congress Secretary of Labor W. Willard Wirtz Chamber of Commerce worker-rights discrimination regulatory-reform employment
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Bricker Amendment Fails by One Vote, Conservative Attempt to Limit Treaty Power Defeated

| Importance: 6/10

On February 26, 1954, the United States Senate rejected the Bricker Amendment, a proposed constitutional amendment that would have severely limited the President’s treaty-making power. The amendment, backed by conservative Republicans and corporate groups including the American Bar Association …

John Bricker Dwight D. Eisenhower American Bar Association U.S. Senate American Medical Association +1 more isolationism congressional-action constitutional-amendment cold-war corporate-interests
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Corporate Anti-Communist Network Coordinates Labor Suppression Through NAM, Chamber of Commerce Infrastructure

| Importance: 8/10

A sophisticated anti-communist network coordinated by the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) and Chamber of Commerce reaches peak effectiveness in suppressing labor organizing during the early Cold War. The Hagley Museum and Library’s NAM collection contains extensive materials from …

National Association of Manufacturers Chamber of Commerce American Legion J.B. Matthews Hearst Corporation +1 more anti-communism labor-suppression corporate-propaganda red-scare union-busting +1 more
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American Plan Open Shop Campaign Launches Nationwide Union Suppression

| Importance: 8/10

Business leaders including Henry Clay Frick, Judge Elbert Gary, and John D. Rockefeller Jr. launched a coordinated campaign to roll back labor gains by promoting the “open shop” as patriotic while branding union membership as “un-American.” Meeting in Chicago in 1921, …

National Association of Manufacturers Chamber of Commerce U.S. Steel Henry Clay Frick Elbert Gary +1 more labor-suppression corporate-capture anti-union systematic-corruption
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