President Bill Clinton signs the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (Financial Services Modernization Act) into law on November 12, 1999, repealing key provisions of the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 that separated commercial banking from investment banking and insurance. The Senate passes the final bill 90-8 on …
Phil GrammJim LeachThomas J. Bliley Jr.Bill ClintonRobert Rubin+4 morederegulationregulatory-captureneoliberalismbanking-deregulationfinancial-crisis-precursor+3 more
President Roosevelt signs the Gold Reserve Act on January 30, 1934, nationalizing all gold holdings in the United States, transferring ownership of Federal Reserve gold to the U.S. Treasury, and authorizing the President to set the gold value of the dollar between 50 and 60 percent of its previous …
Franklin D. RooseveltU.S. CongressFederal ReserveWall Streetbanking industry+1 morenew-dealmonetary-policygold-standardfinancial-regulationcorporate-resistance
On March 9, 1933, just five days after Franklin Roosevelt’s inauguration and three days after his declaration of a national bank holiday, Congress passes the Emergency Banking Act in a mere eight hours—many members voting without even reading the legislation. The act grants the President …
Franklin D. RooseveltU.S. CongressFederal ReserveWilliam Woodinbanking industrynew-dealbanking-crisisfinancial-regulationemergency-powers
On March 6, 1933, two days after his inauguration, President Franklin D. Roosevelt invokes emergency powers to declare a nationwide “bank holiday,” closing all banks in the United States and suspending all banking transactions. The unprecedented action aims to stop the complete collapse …
Franklin D. Rooseveltbanking industryFederal ReserveAmerican depositorsbanking-crisisnew-dealfinancial-regulationemergency-powersgreat-depression